2009年9月21日 星期一

透明小魚蝦的群聚可能是一種閃避視覺系捕食者的防禦策略, 並牽涉數量擬態(或稱社會擬態)

文獻來源: Carvalho LN, Zuanon J, Sazima I. 2009. The almost invisible league: crypsis and association between minute fishes and shrimps as a possible defence against visually hunting predators. Neotropical Ichthyology 4(2): doi: 10.1590/S1679-62252006000200008

Abstract
Camouflage is one of the most widespread defence modes used by substrate-dwelling animals, whereas transparency is generally found in open-water organisms. Both these defence types are regarded as effective against visually guided predators. We present here three assemblages of similarly-sized freshwater fish and shrimp species which apparently rely on camouflage and transparency to evade some of their potential predators. In one of the associations, there is a transition from cryptic colours and translucency to transparency of the component species according to the position each of them occupies in the habitat. The likeness between the fishes and the shrimps is here regarded as a type of protective association similar to numerical or social mimicry. Additionally, we suggest that the assemblage may contain Batesian-like mimicry components.

圖片連結: Aquaristik ohne Geheimnisse